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With Marshall, Adams and Brocklehurst forming a support group, the ascent began on 5 March. [34], In his own account of the expedition Shackleton makes no reference to the wrangle with Scott. [51] After a slow start due to a combination of poor weather and lameness in the horses, Shackleton reduced the daily food allowance to extend the total available journey time to 110 days. The British Antarctic Expedition 1907–09, otherwise known as the Nimrod Expedition, was the first of three expeditions to the Antarctic led by Ernest Shackleton. Despite increasing physical weakness they maintained their daily distances, and on 31 January were 16 nautical miles (30 km; 18 mi) from their agreed pick-up point. Ernest Shackleton spent three years planning and organising his British Antarctic Expedition. After a flurry of correspondence with Captain Scott, Shackleton had agreed to land his party away from the old Discovery base in McMurdo Sound. 2: Lyttelton to the Antarctic and back January-March 1908. Died while leading Shackleton-Rowett (Quest) Expedition at South Georgia, 5 … [83], On 23 March 1909, Shackleton landed in New Zealand and cabled a 2,500-word report to the London Daily Mail, with which he had an exclusive contract. Official Expedition Stationery . if (document.getElementById('content') && document.getElementById('content').getElementsByTagName('h1').length) { Shackleton's only choice now, other than abandonment of the expedition's goals, was to break the promise he had given to Scott. After emergency surgery by Marshall and Mackay, he was forced to relinquish his shore party place and go back to New Zealand with Nimrod. His initial plan allowed 91 days for the return journey, requiring a daily average distance of about 16 nautical miles (30 km; 18 mi). [33] The dispute soured relations between the two men (who nevertheless maintained public civilities), and would eventually lead to the complete rupture of Shackleton's formerly close friendship with Wilson. Harbord. [20] In mid-July he approached the philanthropic Earl of Iveagh, otherwise known as Edward Guinness, head of the Anglo-Irish brewing family, who agreed to guarantee the sum of £2,000 (updated value £210,000) provided that Shackleton found other backers to contribute a further £6,000. It was divided into a series of mainly two-person cubicles, with a kitchen area, a darkroom, storage and laboratory space. A party which included Douglas Mawson, Edgeworth David and Alistair MacKay, with a support party of three, took five days to climb the mountain. [2] Shackleton felt this physical failure as a personal stigma,[3] and on his return to England he was determined to prove himself, in the words of Discovery's second-in command Albert Armitage, as "a better man than Scott". [44], The expedition's hut, a prefabricated structure measuring 33 x 19 feet (10m x 5.8m), was ready for occupation by the end of February. "We have shot our bolt", wrote Shackleton, "and the tale is 88° 23' S". [84] Amid the acclamation and unstinting praise that Shackleton received from the exploring community, including Nansen and Amundsen, the response of the Royal Geographical Society was more guarded. This was by far the longest southern polar journey to that date and a record convergence on either Pole. [73], Their food worries were now resolved, but they still had to get back to Hut Point before the 1 March deadline. [45] Shackleton's inclusive leadership style, in contrast to that of Scott, meant no demarcation between upper and lower decks—all lived, worked and ate together. For his trail-breaking achievements, Shackleton received a fulsome tribute from Amundsen: "What Nansen is to the North, Shackleton is to the South". From there he proposed to launch attempts to reach the geographical South Pole and the South Magnetic Pole. [74] Hoping that the ship was nearby, they sought to attract its attention by setting fire to a small wooden hut used for magnetic observations. French Antarctic Expedition Shackleton - Nimrod - 1907-09 British Antarctic Expedition Charcot - Pourquoi-Pas? Frank Wild was second-in-command to the "Boss" on the Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition and on the short Quest Expedition where he took over command after Shackleton's death in South Georgia in 1922. [37] On 14 January, in sight of the first icebergs, the towline was cut;[37] Nimrod, under her own power, proceeded southward into the floating pack ice, heading for the Barrier Inlet where six years earlier Discovery had paused to allow Scott and Shackleton to take experimental balloon flights. Headland, R.K (2009) A Chronology of Antarctic Exploration, A synopsis of events and activities from the earliest times until the International Polar Year, 2002-2009. [62] On the next day he noted that, having attained 87° 6½′ S, they had beaten North and South polar records. The British flag was duly planted, and Shackleton named the polar plateau after King Edward VII. [44], This mountain, 12,450 feet (3,790 m) high, had never been climbed. [23], Before departure for the Antarctic in August 1907, Joyce and Wild took a crash course in printing methods, as it was Shackleton's intention to publish a book or magazine while in the Antarctic. • Amundsen, Roald (1976). Mount Erebus, the active volcano on Ross Island. Travel on the glacier surface proved to be a trial, especially for Socks, the remaining pony, who had great difficulty in finding secure footings. For the rest of the southward journey and the whole of the return trip they had to rely on man-hauling. Though they had to abandon the attempt, on 9 January 1909 they set a new record for the farthest south, reaching within 100 geographical miles of the Pole. Expedition voyages: 1: London to Lyttelton 1907. Shackleton's attempt to reach the South Pole fell just short, when, suffering from lack of food and battling blizzards and headwind he made the decision to turn around less than a hundred miles from his goal. Their return journey was a race against time which they would have lost if Nimrod had not stayed longer than the appointed leaving date, but they sailed for home in March 1909 with all members of the expedition safely on board. On February 3, the Nimrod deposited Shackleton and a party of 14 men at Cape Royds, on Ross Island. In January 1908 he returned to Antarctica as leader of the British Antarctic (Nimrod) Expedition (1907–09).The expedition, prevented by ice from reaching the intended base site in Edward VII Peninsula, wintered on Ross Island, McMurdo Sound.A sledging party, led by Shackleton, reached within 97 nautical miles (112 statute miles or 180 km) of the South Pole, and another, under T.W. New Zealand, 1908, 1p Rose Carmine, British Antarctic Expedition 1907-09: King Edward VII Land Price realized: £1400 (for 34 stamps) 1d stamp, New Zealand, King Edward VII Land (credit: Grosvenor Auctions) This 1p rose carmine stamp will take you back to the year 1908. [58] Marshall wrote that following Shackleton to the Pole was "like following an old woman. Joyce, whose Antarctic experience exceeded all save Wild's, was excluded from the party after Marshall's medical examination raised doubts about his fitness. [91], The farthest south record of the Nimrod Expedition stood for less than three years, until Amundsen reached the South Pole on 15 December 1911. }; You are in:   Shackleton Online » Explore the expeditions » Expedition. None of these schemes produced the anticipated riches, although the post office was set up at Cape Royds and used as a conduit for the expedition's mail. Nimrod at last sailed away north, England unaware that ship's engineer Harry Dunlop was carrying a letter from Shackleton to the expedition's New Zealand agent, requesting a replacement captain for the return voyage next year. [29] Aeneas Mackintosh, a merchant navy officer from the P&O shipping line, was originally second officer, but was later transferred to the shore party, being replaced as second officer by A. E. [33] It was a capitulation to Scott and Wilson, and meant forfeiting the expedition's aim of reaching the South Magnetic Pole which was located within Victoria Land. Shackleton's table of distances show that over the next three days they covered just over 40 nautical miles (74 km; 46 mi), to reach an estimated 88° 7' on 6 January. [54], As the group moved into unknown territory, the Barrier surface became increasingly disturbed and broken; two more ponies succumbed to the strain. Department of Geography, University of Cambridge. [39], On arriving in McMurdo Sound on 29 January 1908, Nimrod's progress southward to the Discovery base at Hut Point was blocked by frozen sea. The first of these was Edgeworth David, a professor of geology at the University of Sydney, who became the party's chief scientific officer. Edgeworth David, Adams, Mawson and Priestley all eventually received knighthoods, the latter two continuing their polar work on further expeditions, though neither went south again with Shackleton. window.onload=function(){ [13] By the time he announced his plans to the RGS in February 1907 Shackleton had revised his cost estimate to a more realistic £30,000 (updated value £3,200,000). The men divided into three groups. The expedition consisted of fifteen men and introduced a number of innovations, using both Manchurian ponies and … The entire complement came together in New Zealand, ready for the ship's departure to Antarctica on New Year's Day, 1908. Neither Wild nor Joyce was in the Nimrod Expedition's main Erebus party, which consisted of Edgeworth David, Douglas Mawson and Alistair Mackay. On February 3, the Nimrod deposited Shackelton and a party of 14 men at Cape Royds. These include a cost estimate of £17,000 (updated value £1,810,000) for the entire expedition. The expedition lacked governmental or institutional support, and relied on private loans and individual contributions. [12] This early plan also revealed Shackleton's proposed transport methods, involving a combination of dogs, ponies and a specially designed motor vehicle. Size: Quantity: 1 … The sledge was used on the 1907-9 British Antarctic ('Nimrod') Expedition by Eric Marshall - one of the four men, with Shackleton, Jameson Adams, and Frank Wild, to undertake the sledge march to the South Pole. [31] Two important additions to the team were made in Australia. Its main target, among a range of geographical and scientific objectives, was to be first to the South Pole. He recovered sufficiently to return with the ship in the following season. The party had been travelling for four months and were wearing the same clothes in which they had departed Cape Royds; reportedly "the aroma was overpowering". 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